Command of Evidence practice questions

Command of Evidence questions

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1. 1Command of evidenceStandard

   A student claims that adding shaded seating could encourage people to remain longer in a public plaza. Which finding would most directly support that claim?A student claims that adding shaded seating could encourage people to remain longer in a public plaza. Which finding would most directly support that claim?

   • ASeveral nearby streets have recently been repaved.Several nearby streets have recently been repaved.
   • BThe plaza is located beside a bus stop.The plaza is located beside a bus stop.
   • CVisitors who sat in shaded areas spent more time in the plaza than visitors who sat in unshaded areas.Visitors who sat in shaded areas spent more time in the plaza than visitors who sat in unshaded areas.
   • DThe plaza has been open for more than twenty years.The plaza has been open for more than twenty years.
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   Answer: Visitors who sat in shaded areas spent more time in the plaza than visitors who sat in unshaded areas.Visitors who sat in shaded areas spent more time in the plaza than visitors who sat in unshaded areas.

   This evidence compares shaded and unshaded seating directly on the outcome in the claim: how long people remain. The other facts may be true but do not test the claim.This evidence compares shaded and unshaded seating directly on the outcome in the claim: how long people remain. The other facts may be true but do not test the claim.

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2. 2Command of evidenceStandard

   A researcher argues that students remember new vocabulary better when they encounter words in several contexts. Which result would most strongly support the argument?A researcher argues that students remember new vocabulary better when they encounter words in several contexts. Which result would most strongly support the argument?

   • AStudents preferred shorter vocabulary lists.Students preferred shorter vocabulary lists.
   • BTeachers assigned vocabulary on different days of the week.Teachers assigned vocabulary on different days of the week.
   • CStudents who read and used new words in discussion recalled more words later than students who only copied definitions.Students who read and used new words in discussion recalled more words later than students who only copied definitions.
   • DStudents used notebooks in several colors.Students used notebooks in several colors.
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   Answer: Students who read and used new words in discussion recalled more words later than students who only copied definitions.Students who read and used new words in discussion recalled more words later than students who only copied definitions.

   The result compares multiple contexts with a single-context approach and measures later recall, exactly the relationship described by the argument.The result compares multiple contexts with a single-context approach and measures later recall, exactly the relationship described by the argument.

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3. 3Command of evidenceStandard

   A researcher claims that community repair workshops reduce the number of small appliances households throw away. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the claim?A researcher claims that community repair workshops reduce the number of small appliances households throw away. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the claim?

   • AHouseholds that attended a workshop discarded fewer appliances the following year than similar households that did not attend.Households that attended a workshop discarded fewer appliances the following year than similar households that did not attend.
   • BWorkshops were most popular in neighborhoods with many apartment buildings.Workshops were most popular in neighborhoods with many apartment buildings.
   • CAttendees said they enjoyed the workshops and would return.Attendees said they enjoyed the workshops and would return.
   • DThe workshops were funded by a grant from a local foundation.The workshops were funded by a grant from a local foundation.
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   Answer: Households that attended a workshop discarded fewer appliances the following year than similar households that did not attend.Households that attended a workshop discarded fewer appliances the following year than similar households that did not attend.

   Support for a claim about an effect requires a comparison between households that attended and comparable ones that did not. Popularity, enjoyment, and funding say nothing about how many appliances were discarded.Support for a claim about an effect requires a comparison between households that attended and comparable ones that did not. Popularity, enjoyment, and funding say nothing about how many appliances were discarded.

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4. 4Command of evidenceStandard

   A student argues that lengthening the passing period between classes reduces lateness. Which finding, if true, would most weaken the argument?A student argues that lengthening the passing period between classes reduces lateness. Which finding, if true, would most weaken the argument?

   • ALengthening passing periods shortened each class by two minutes.Lengthening passing periods shortened each class by two minutes.
   • BLateness is recorded differently at different schools.Lateness is recorded differently at different schools.
   • CSchools that lengthened their passing periods reported the same rate of lateness as before the change.Schools that lengthened their passing periods reported the same rate of lateness as before the change.
   • DStudents said they preferred the longer passing periods.Students said they preferred the longer passing periods.
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   Answer: Schools that lengthened their passing periods reported the same rate of lateness as before the change.Schools that lengthened their passing periods reported the same rate of lateness as before the change.

   The argument predicts less lateness, so evidence that lateness did not change directly opposes it. Preference, class length, and record-keeping differences do not tell us whether lateness fell.The argument predicts less lateness, so evidence that lateness did not change directly opposes it. Preference, class length, and record-keeping differences do not tell us whether lateness fell.

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5. 5Command of evidenceStandard

   An educator claims that reading aloud to children before age four improves their later vocabulary. Which finding would most strongly support the claim?An educator claims that reading aloud to children before age four improves their later vocabulary. Which finding would most strongly support the claim?

   • ABooks aimed at under-fours use a wider vocabulary than television programs.Books aimed at under-fours use a wider vocabulary than television programs.
   • BReading aloud has been recommended by educators for many decades.Reading aloud has been recommended by educators for many decades.
   • CChildren read to daily before age four had larger vocabularies at age eight than otherwise similar children who were not.Children read to daily before age four had larger vocabularies at age eight than otherwise similar children who were not.
   • DParents who read aloud reported enjoying the time with their children.Parents who read aloud reported enjoying the time with their children.
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   Answer: Children read to daily before age four had larger vocabularies at age eight than otherwise similar children who were not.Children read to daily before age four had larger vocabularies at age eight than otherwise similar children who were not.

   The claim is about a later outcome, so support must compare that outcome between children who were and were not read to. Parental enjoyment, book vocabulary, and the age of the recommendation measure something else.The claim is about a later outcome, so support must compare that outcome between children who were and were not read to. Parental enjoyment, book vocabulary, and the age of the recommendation measure something else.

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6. 6Command of evidenceStandard

   A student argues that later school start times improve attendance. Which finding would most weaken the argument?A student argues that later school start times improve attendance. Which finding would most weaken the argument?

   • ATeachers had to rearrange their commutes.Teachers had to rearrange their commutes.
   • BStudents said they preferred the later start.Students said they preferred the later start.
   • CThe change was introduced in the middle of a term.The change was introduced in the middle of a term.
   • DSchools that moved their start time later recorded the same attendance rate as before.Schools that moved their start time later recorded the same attendance rate as before.
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   Answer: Schools that moved their start time later recorded the same attendance rate as before.Schools that moved their start time later recorded the same attendance rate as before.

   The argument predicts better attendance, so evidence that attendance did not move opposes it directly. Preference, commuting, and timing leave the prediction untested.The argument predicts better attendance, so evidence that attendance did not move opposes it directly. Preference, commuting, and timing leave the prediction untested.

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7. 7Command of evidenceStandard

   A researcher claims that captioned video helps students remember lecture content. Which finding would most strongly support the claim?A researcher claims that captioned video helps students remember lecture content. Which finding would most strongly support the claim?

   • AMost students said they preferred captions.Most students said they preferred captions.
   • BCaptions are required for accessibility in many institutions.Captions are required for accessibility in many institutions.
   • CStudents who watched captioned lectures scored higher on a later recall test than similar students who watched uncaptioned ones.Students who watched captioned lectures scored higher on a later recall test than similar students who watched uncaptioned ones.
   • DCaptioning software has improved in accuracy.Captioning software has improved in accuracy.
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   Answer: Students who watched captioned lectures scored higher on a later recall test than similar students who watched uncaptioned ones.Students who watched captioned lectures scored higher on a later recall test than similar students who watched uncaptioned ones.

   A claim about memory needs a comparison of recall between captioned and uncaptioned viewing. Preference, software quality and legal requirements measure something else entirely.A claim about memory needs a comparison of recall between captioned and uncaptioned viewing. Preference, software quality and legal requirements measure something else entirely.

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8. 8Command of evidenceStandard

   A teacher argues that handing back marked work within two days improves later performance. Which finding would most strongly support the argument?A teacher argues that handing back marked work within two days improves later performance. Which finding would most strongly support the argument?

   • AStudents said they preferred getting work back quickly.Students said they preferred getting work back quickly.
   • BMarking within two days is difficult for teachers with large classes.Marking within two days is difficult for teachers with large classes.
   • CMost schools aim to return work within a week.Most schools aim to return work within a week.
   • DClasses given work back within two days scored higher on later assessments than comparable classes given it back later.Classes given work back within two days scored higher on later assessments than comparable classes given it back later.
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   Answer: Classes given work back within two days scored higher on later assessments than comparable classes given it back later.Classes given work back within two days scored higher on later assessments than comparable classes given it back later.

   A claim about later performance needs a comparison of later performance between fast and slow return. Preference, workload and common practice measure something else.A claim about later performance needs a comparison of later performance between fast and slow return. Preference, workload and common practice measure something else.

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9. 9Command of evidenceStandard

   A researcher claims that a town's new cycle lane increased the amount of cycling rather than simply moving existing cyclists onto it. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the claim?A researcher claims that a town's new cycle lane increased the amount of cycling rather than simply moving existing cyclists onto it. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support the claim?

   • AThe lane carries about 400 cyclists a day.The lane carries about 400 cyclists a day.
   • BCyclist numbers on the parallel road fell by roughly the number now using the lane.Cyclist numbers on the parallel road fell by roughly the number now using the lane.
   • CTotal cycling trips across the town rose by 30 percent, with no fall on other routes.Total cycling trips across the town rose by 30 percent, with no fall on other routes.
   • DMost people using the lane say they find it pleasant.Most people using the lane say they find it pleasant.
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   Answer: Total cycling trips across the town rose by 30 percent, with no fall on other routes.Total cycling trips across the town rose by 30 percent, with no fall on other routes.

   The claim is about the total, so the evidence has to be about the total. A count on the lane alone cannot separate new cyclists from moved ones, the second choice is the rival explanation rather than a refutation of it, and enjoyment says nothing about numbers.The claim is about the total, so the evidence has to be about the total. A count on the lane alone cannot separate new cyclists from moved ones, the second choice is the rival explanation rather than a refutation of it, and enjoyment says nothing about numbers.

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10. 10Command of evidenceStandard

    A researcher claims that a bird species is arriving earlier each spring because of warming. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support that claim?A researcher claims that a bird species is arriving earlier each spring because of warming. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support that claim?

    • AThe species now arrives in March rather than April.The species now arrives in March rather than April.
    • BSpring temperatures in the region have risen since 1980.Spring temperatures in the region have risen since 1980.
    • CAcross 40 sites, arrival has moved earlier in step with local spring temperature, and moved least where temperature changed least.Across 40 sites, arrival has moved earlier in step with local spring temperature, and moved least where temperature changed least.
    • DThe species has become more common in the region.The species has become more common in the region.
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    Answer: Across 40 sites, arrival has moved earlier in step with local spring temperature, and moved least where temperature changed least.Across 40 sites, arrival has moved earlier in step with local spring temperature, and moved least where temperature changed least.

    The claim links two changes, so the evidence has to link them too. The first two choices each establish one half and leave the connection unmade, and abundance is a different measure altogether.The claim links two changes, so the evidence has to link them too. The first two choices each establish one half and leave the connection unmade, and abundance is a different measure altogether.

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11. 11Command of evidenceStandard

    A curator argues that a portrait long attributed to a workshop was painted by the master himself. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support that argument?A curator argues that a portrait long attributed to a workshop was painted by the master himself. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support that argument?

    • AThe panel is oak, which the workshop generally used.The panel is oak, which the workshop generally used.
    • BThe sitter is known to have commissioned other works from the workshop.The sitter is known to have commissioned other works from the workshop.
    • CThe frame dates from the same decade as the painting.The frame dates from the same decade as the painting.
    • DUnderdrawing beneath the paint shows the freehand corrections found in the master's signed works and absent from workshop copies.Underdrawing beneath the paint shows the freehand corrections found in the master's signed works and absent from workshop copies.
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    Answer: Underdrawing beneath the paint shows the freehand corrections found in the master's signed works and absent from workshop copies.Underdrawing beneath the paint shows the freehand corrections found in the master's signed works and absent from workshop copies.

    Only one choice distinguishes the master from the workshop, which is what the argument needs. Oak panels, a workshop commission and a contemporary frame are all equally consistent with the attribution the curator is disputing.Only one choice distinguishes the master from the workshop, which is what the argument needs. Oak panels, a workshop commission and a contemporary frame are all equally consistent with the attribution the curator is disputing.

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12. 12Command of evidenceStandard

    A geologist argues that a boulder found on a hilltop was carried there by a glacier rather than eroded out of the hill itself. Which finding would most strongly support that argument?A geologist argues that a boulder found on a hilltop was carried there by a glacier rather than eroded out of the hill itself. Which finding would most strongly support that argument?

    • AThe boulder weighs several tons.The boulder weighs several tons.
    • BThe hilltop is the highest point for several miles.The hilltop is the highest point for several miles.
    • CThe boulder is a rock type found only in outcrops 90 km to the north.The boulder is a rock type found only in outcrops 90 km to the north.
    • DThe boulder shows weathering consistent with long exposure.The boulder shows weathering consistent with long exposure.
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    Answer: The boulder is a rock type found only in outcrops 90 km to the north.The boulder is a rock type found only in outcrops 90 km to the north.

    A rock that cannot have come from the hill must have arrived from somewhere else, which is exactly what the argument claims. Weight, height and weathering are all equally consistent with the boulder having eroded out in place.A rock that cannot have come from the hill must have arrived from somewhere else, which is exactly what the argument claims. Weight, height and weathering are all equally consistent with the boulder having eroded out in place.

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13. 13Command of evidenceStandard

    A linguist claims that a place name predates the Norse settlement of the area rather than dating from it. Which finding would most strongly support that claim?A linguist claims that a place name predates the Norse settlement of the area rather than dating from it. Which finding would most strongly support that claim?

    • AThe name contains an element with no Norse cognate but a clear parallel in the earlier local language.The name contains an element with no Norse cognate but a clear parallel in the earlier local language.
    • BThe name appears in a document written after the settlement.The name appears in a document written after the settlement.
    • CThe village lies within the area of Norse settlement.The village lies within the area of Norse settlement.
    • DNearby villages have names of Norse origin.Nearby villages have names of Norse origin.
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    Answer: The name contains an element with no Norse cognate but a clear parallel in the earlier local language.The name contains an element with no Norse cognate but a clear parallel in the earlier local language.

    Only the linguistic evidence can distinguish the two periods. A later document records the name without dating its origin, and the location and its neighbors are what the claim is arguing against.Only the linguistic evidence can distinguish the two periods. A later document records the name without dating its origin, and the location and its neighbors are what the claim is arguing against.

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14. 14Command of evidenceStandard

    A historian argues that a town's medieval wall was built for display rather than defense. Which finding would most strongly support that argument?A historian argues that a town's medieval wall was built for display rather than defense. Which finding would most strongly support that argument?

    • AThe wall encloses the whole of the medieval town.The wall encloses the whole of the medieval town.
    • BThe wall is built of stone quarried nearby.The wall is built of stone quarried nearby.
    • CThe wall is a meter thick, is pierced by wide unbarred openings, and has no ditch.The wall is a meter thick, is pierced by wide unbarred openings, and has no ditch.
    • DThe wall was completed within a decade.The wall was completed within a decade.
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    Answer: The wall is a meter thick, is pierced by wide unbarred openings, and has no ditch.The wall is a meter thick, is pierced by wide unbarred openings, and has no ditch.

    Only one finding describes a structure that could not have held anyone out, which is the claim. Extent, materials and build time are all equally consistent with a defensive wall.Only one finding describes a structure that could not have held anyone out, which is the claim. Extent, materials and build time are all equally consistent with a defensive wall.

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15. 15Command of evidenceStandard

    A researcher claims that a fish species migrates between two lakes rather than forming two separate resident populations. Which finding would most strongly support that claim?A researcher claims that a fish species migrates between two lakes rather than forming two separate resident populations. Which finding would most strongly support that claim?

    • AChemical signatures in the ear bones of adults from one lake record water from the other.Chemical signatures in the ear bones of adults from one lake record water from the other.
    • BThe two lakes contain fish of the same species.The two lakes contain fish of the same species.
    • CThe lakes are connected by a stream passable in spring.The lakes are connected by a stream passable in spring.
    • DThe fish in both lakes reach a similar maximum size.The fish in both lakes reach a similar maximum size.
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    Answer: Chemical signatures in the ear bones of adults from one lake record water from the other.Chemical signatures in the ear bones of adults from one lake record water from the other.

    Ear bones lay down a record of the water a fish has lived in, so a signature from the other lake places an individual fish in both. Shared species, a passable stream and similar size are all consistent with two populations that never mix.Ear bones lay down a record of the water a fish has lived in, so a signature from the other lake places an individual fish in both. Shared species, a passable stream and similar size are all consistent with two populations that never mix.

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16. 16Command of evidenceStandard

    A researcher claims that a pottery style spread by trade rather than by migration. Which finding would most strongly support that claim?A researcher claims that a pottery style spread by trade rather than by migration. Which finding would most strongly support that claim?

    • AThe style appears at sites across a wide area within one century.The style appears at sites across a wide area within one century.
    • BThe style is found alongside imported metalwork.The style is found alongside imported metalwork.
    • CThe clay in the pots is local to each site, while the decoration is uniform across all of them.The clay in the pots is local to each site, while the decoration is uniform across all of them.
    • DThe pots are of consistently high quality.The pots are of consistently high quality.
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    Answer: The clay in the pots is local to each site, while the decoration is uniform across all of them.The clay in the pots is local to each site, while the decoration is uniform across all of them.

    Local clay means the pots were made where they were found, so what traveled was the idea rather than the potters or the pots. Rapid spread, imported goods and quality are all equally consistent with people moving.Local clay means the pots were made where they were found, so what traveled was the idea rather than the potters or the pots. Rapid spread, imported goods and quality are all equally consistent with people moving.

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17. 17Command of evidenceStandard

    A historian argues that a village school taught girls as well as boys in the 1840s, when the surviving register lists only surnames and initials. Which finding would most strongly support the argument?A historian argues that a village school taught girls as well as boys in the 1840s, when the surviving register lists only surnames and initials. Which finding would most strongly support the argument?

    • AThe 1841 census gives full names for the households, and matching them to the register's initials yields girls.The 1841 census gives full names for the households, and matching them to the register's initials yields girls.
    • BThe school building had two entrances.The school building had two entrances.
    • CA nearby village school of the period admitted girls.A nearby village school of the period admitted girls.
    • DThe schoolmistress was a woman.The schoolmistress was a woman.
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    Answer: The 1841 census gives full names for the households, and matching them to the register's initials yields girls.The 1841 census gives full names for the households, and matching them to the register's initials yields girls.

    Only one finding turns the initials into named individuals, which is what the argument needs. Two entrances, a neighboring school's practice and the teacher's sex are all consistent with a boys-only register.Only one finding turns the initials into named individuals, which is what the argument needs. Two entrances, a neighboring school's practice and the teacher's sex are all consistent with a boys-only register.

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18. 18Command of evidenceChallenge

    A team argues that placing benches along a hospital corridor helps recovering patients walk further. Which finding, if true, would most weaken the argument?A team argues that placing benches along a hospital corridor helps recovering patients walk further. Which finding, if true, would most weaken the argument?

    • ASome patients said the benches made the corridor feel more welcoming.Some patients said the benches made the corridor feel more welcoming.
    • BPatients on corridors with benches walked the same total distance as patients on corridors without them.Patients on corridors with benches walked the same total distance as patients on corridors without them.
    • CCorridors with benches were slightly narrower than those without.Corridors with benches were slightly narrower than those without.
    • DThe benches were installed during a hospital renovation.The benches were installed during a hospital renovation.
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    Answer: Patients on corridors with benches walked the same total distance as patients on corridors without them.Patients on corridors with benches walked the same total distance as patients on corridors without them.

    The argument predicts greater walking distance. A comparison showing no difference in distance opposes it directly, whereas installation timing, patient comfort, and corridor width leave the prediction untested.The argument predicts greater walking distance. A comparison showing no difference in distance opposes it directly, whereas installation timing, patient comfort, and corridor width leave the prediction untested.

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19. 19Command of evidenceChallenge

    A researcher claims that installing bird-safe glass reduces collisions at office buildings. Which finding would most strongly support the claim?A researcher claims that installing bird-safe glass reduces collisions at office buildings. Which finding would most strongly support the claim?

    • AArchitects surveyed said they would recommend the glass.Architects surveyed said they would recommend the glass.
    • BBuildings that installed the glass recorded fewer collisions afterwards than comparable buildings that did not.Buildings that installed the glass recorded fewer collisions afterwards than comparable buildings that did not.
    • CCollisions are most common during migration season.Collisions are most common during migration season.
    • DBird-safe glass has been available for more than a decade.Bird-safe glass has been available for more than a decade.
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    Answer: Buildings that installed the glass recorded fewer collisions afterwards than comparable buildings that did not.Buildings that installed the glass recorded fewer collisions afterwards than comparable buildings that did not.

    A claim about an effect needs a comparison between buildings with and without the change. Availability, professional opinion, and seasonality say nothing about whether the glass reduced anything.A claim about an effect needs a comparison between buildings with and without the change. Availability, professional opinion, and seasonality say nothing about whether the glass reduced anything.

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20. 20Command of evidenceChallenge

    A council argues that its new recycling bins increased recycling rates. Which finding would most weaken the argument?A council argues that its new recycling bins increased recycling rates. Which finding would most weaken the argument?

    • ASome residents said the bins were difficult to move.Some residents said the bins were difficult to move.
    • BA regional recycling campaign ran across all neighboring councils during the same period, and their rates rose by a similar amount.A regional recycling campaign ran across all neighboring councils during the same period, and their rates rose by a similar amount.
    • CThe new bins cost more than the old ones.The new bins cost more than the old ones.
    • DRecycling rates are measured by weight rather than volume.Recycling rates are measured by weight rather than volume.
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    Answer: A regional recycling campaign ran across all neighboring councils during the same period, and their rates rose by a similar amount.A regional recycling campaign ran across all neighboring councils during the same period, and their rates rose by a similar amount.

    A comparable rise without the bins shows the bins were not needed to produce it. Cost, handling and the unit of measurement leave the causal claim untouched.A comparable rise without the bins shows the bins were not needed to produce it. Cost, handling and the unit of measurement leave the causal claim untouched.

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21. 21Command of evidenceChallenge

    A council claims its new street lighting reduced night-time collisions. Which finding would most weaken the claim?A council claims its new street lighting reduced night-time collisions. Which finding would most weaken the claim?

    • ANight-time traffic volume on the lit streets fell by a third over the same period.Night-time traffic volume on the lit streets fell by a third over the same period.
    • BCollisions are recorded by the police rather than the council.Collisions are recorded by the police rather than the council.
    • CSome residents said the lights were too bright.Some residents said the lights were too bright.
    • DThe lights cost more to run than the old ones.The lights cost more to run than the old ones.
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    Answer: Night-time traffic volume on the lit streets fell by a third over the same period.Night-time traffic volume on the lit streets fell by a third over the same period.

    Fewer vehicles would produce fewer collisions whether or not the lighting helped, which supplies an alternative explanation. Running costs, brightness complaints and record-keeping leave the causal claim untouched.Fewer vehicles would produce fewer collisions whether or not the lighting helped, which supplies an alternative explanation. Running costs, brightness complaints and record-keeping leave the causal claim untouched.

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22. 22Command of evidenceChallenge

    An archaeologist argues that a coastal settlement was occupied all year rather than seasonally. Which finding would most strongly support that argument?An archaeologist argues that a coastal settlement was occupied all year rather than seasonally. Which finding would most strongly support that argument?

    • AFish bones from species that pass through the estuary in spring.Fish bones from species that pass through the estuary in spring.
    • BA hearth holding charcoal from oak, which grows nearby.A hearth holding charcoal from oak, which grows nearby.
    • CPost-holes suggesting substantial timber buildings.Post-holes suggesting substantial timber buildings.
    • DAnimal teeth whose growth layers cover every season of the year.Animal teeth whose growth layers cover every season of the year.
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    Answer: Animal teeth whose growth layers cover every season of the year.Animal teeth whose growth layers cover every season of the year.

    Growth layers record the season an animal died in, so teeth spanning all four seasons place people there in all four. Spring fish point to one season, local charcoal to none, and a solid building can be returned to each year without being lived in continuously.Growth layers record the season an animal died in, so teeth spanning all four seasons place people there in all four. Spring fish point to one season, local charcoal to none, and a solid building can be returned to each year without being lived in continuously.

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23. 23Command of evidenceChallenge

    A historian argues that a village's medieval market was busier than its surviving buildings would suggest. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support that argument?A historian argues that a village's medieval market was busier than its surviving buildings would suggest. Which finding, if true, would most strongly support that argument?

    • AThe village church was rebuilt in the fifteenth century.The village church was rebuilt in the fifteenth century.
    • BA market was held on the same day in a nearby town.A market was held on the same day in a nearby town.
    • CThe village appears in a national survey compiled in 1279.The village appears in a national survey compiled in 1279.
    • DCoin finds from the village outnumber those from three larger neighboring settlements combined.Coin finds from the village outnumber those from three larger neighboring settlements combined.
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    Answer: Coin finds from the village outnumber those from three larger neighboring settlements combined.Coin finds from the village outnumber those from three larger neighboring settlements combined.

    Coins are the residue of trade, and finding more of them than in larger places is evidence of activity out of proportion to size, which is exactly the claim. A rebuilt church, a rival market and an entry in a survey are all consistent with an ordinary village.Coins are the residue of trade, and finding more of them than in larger places is evidence of activity out of proportion to size, which is exactly the claim. A rebuilt church, a rival market and an entry in a survey are all consistent with an ordinary village.

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