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English Conventions practice questions

Sentence boundaries, punctuation, agreement, verb tense, modifiers, and possessives. Find the subject and the main verb first; most errors here are visible the moment those two are identified.

English Conventions questions

  1. 1Subject-verb agreementFoundation

    The collection of early maps _____ stored in a climate-controlled room. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awere
    • Bis
    • Chave
    • Dare
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: is

    The subject is "collection," which is singular. The phrase "of early maps" modifies collection and does not change the verb to plural.

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  2. 2PunctuationFoundation

    The workshop begins at 6:00 p.m. Participants should bring the following _____ a notebook and a pencil. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A.
    • B;
    • C,
    • D:
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause that introduces a list, so a colon is the correct punctuation.

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  3. 3ModifiersStandard

    _____ across the bridge, the hikers saw a heron standing near the water. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • AThere was walking
    • BWalking
    • CThe bridge was walked
    • DA heron walked
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: Walking

    The opening modifier must clearly describe the hikers, the subject of the main clause. "Walking" creates that direct and logical connection.

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  4. 4Pronoun clarityFoundation

    When Maya spoke with Elena about the exhibit, Maya showed Elena _____ revised sketch. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ashe
    • BMaya's
    • Cher
    • Dtheir
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: Maya's

    Using Maya's name makes ownership clear. "Her" could refer to either Maya or Elena, and the other choices do not fit grammatically or clearly.

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  5. 5Sentence boundariesStandard

    The seed library lends packets to residents. _____ it also offers short classes on saving seeds. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • AAlso,
    • BAlso
    • C; also,
    • D, also
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: Also,

    "Also" introduces the second independent clause and is followed by a comma. The other choices create a comma splice or incorrect punctuation.

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  6. 6Verb tenseFoundation

    By the time the concert began, the volunteers _____ every chair in the hall. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Aarrange
    • Bhad arranged
    • Cwill arrange
    • Dare arranging
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: had arranged

    The arranging was completed before another past event, the concert's beginning. The past perfect "had arranged" shows that sequence.

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  7. 7PunctuationStandard

    The recipe requires three common ingredients _____ flour, water, and salt. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A, and
    • B;
    • C-
    • D:
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause that introduces a list, so a colon is the correct punctuation.

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  8. 8Parallel structureStandard

    The internship asks students to research a question, to draft a proposal, and _____ their findings. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Apresenting
    • Bto present
    • Cthey present
    • Dpresent
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: to present

    The series uses infinitives: "to research," "to draft," and "to present." Matching that form creates parallel structure.

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  9. 9Subject-verb agreementStandard

    Neither the lamps nor the ceiling fan _____ working after the storm. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awas
    • Bhave been
    • Care
    • Dwere
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: was

    With "neither...nor," the verb generally agrees with the nearer subject. "Ceiling fan" is singular, so "was" is correct in this past-time sentence.

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  10. 10PossessivesFoundation

    The two _____ research appears in the journal's spring issue. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ascientist's'
    • Bscientists
    • Cscientist's
    • Dscientists'
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: scientists'

    The research belongs to two scientists, so a plural possessive is needed: plural "scientists" followed by an apostrophe.

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  11. 11Sentence boundariesStandard

    The chef tested the sauce several times _____ the final version used less salt. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A:
    • B;
    • C, and
    • D. Therefore,
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: , and

    The sentence contains two independent clauses. A comma followed by "and" joins them correctly: the chef tested the sauce, and the final version used less salt.

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  12. 12PunctuationFoundation

    The kit contains everything a beginner needs _____ a cutting mat, two brushes, and a small jar of glue. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A'
    • B:
    • C, and
    • D;
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause that introduces a list, and a colon is the punctuation used to introduce a list after a complete clause.

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  13. 13Verb tenseStandard

    Since the observatory opened in 2018, more than forty thousand visitors _____ through its doors. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ahave passed
    • Bwere passing
    • Cwill pass
    • Dpassed
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: have passed

    "Since" describes an action that began in the past and continues into the present, which is what the present perfect "have passed" expresses.

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  14. 14ModifiersStandard

    _____, the recipe calls for the dough to rest for an hour. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • AAfter the flour and water are combined
    • BHaving combined the flour and water
    • CCombining the flour and water
    • DAfter combining the flour and water
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: After the flour and water are combined

    The subject of the main clause is "the recipe," which cannot combine anything. Only the choice with its own subject and verb avoids attaching the action to the recipe.

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  15. 15PunctuationStandard

    The archivist _____ who had catalogued the collection for eleven years, retired in the spring. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A,
    • B-
    • C;
    • D:
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: ,

    "Who had catalogued the collection for eleven years" is a nonessential clause, and a nonessential clause is set off by a pair of commas. The closing comma is already in place.

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  16. 16Subject-verb agreementStandard

    Each of the three proposals _____ a different approach to funding the repairs. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ahave described
    • Bdescribes
    • Cdescribe
    • Dwere describing
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: describes

    The subject is "each," which is singular and takes a singular verb. The phrase "of the three proposals" does not change the number of the subject.

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  17. 17Pronoun clarityStandard

    The museum returned the fossil to the university because _____ had documented its discovery site. Which choice completes the sentence so that its meaning is clear and it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athe university
    • Bthe institution
    • Cthey
    • Dit
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: the university

    Two singular nouns precede the blank, so a pronoun would leave the reference ambiguous. Naming the university makes the sentence clear.

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  18. 18Parallel structureStandard

    The apprenticeship trains carpenters to read plans, to select timber, and _____ their own joints. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ato cut
    • Bfor cutting
    • Ccutting
    • Dthey cut
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: to cut

    The first two items in the list use the infinitive form, so the third must match: to read, to select, to cut.

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  19. 19Sentence boundariesStandard

    The tide pools are easiest to reach at dawn _____ the water is lowest then and the rocks are least slippery. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Aand,
    • B,
    • C;
    • Dwhich
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: ;

    Both halves are complete sentences. A semicolon joins them correctly, while a comma alone would create a comma splice.

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  20. 20PossessivesFoundation

    The _____ nesting sites are monitored each spring by a team of volunteers. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Aheron's
    • Bherons'
    • Cherons
    • Dherons's
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: herons'

    More than one heron shares the sites, so the plural possessive is required: the plural "herons" followed by an apostrophe.

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  21. 21Verb tenseFoundation

    Last summer the crew _____ the trail markers before the first hikers arrived. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Areplace
    • Bhad replaced
    • Cwill replace
    • Dhave replaced
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: had replaced

    Both events are in the past, and the replacing finished before the hikers arrived. The past perfect "had replaced" marks the earlier of two past actions.

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  22. 22ModifiersChallenge

    The curator described the vase, _____ in a market outside the city, as the collection's most puzzling object. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awhich had been found
    • Bfinding it
    • Cand found it
    • Dhaving found it
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: which had been found

    The modifier describes the vase, not the curator. A relative clause beginning with "which" attaches to the noun it follows; the participial choices would make the curator the one doing the finding.

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  23. 23PunctuationStandard

    The festival features three kinds of performance _____ music, dance, and spoken word. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A-,
    • B:
    • C,
    • D;
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause introducing a list, which is exactly where a colon belongs.

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  24. 24Subject-verb agreementChallenge

    Neither the director nor the two producers _____ willing to comment before the premiere. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awere
    • Bis
    • Chas been
    • Dwas
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: were

    With "neither ... nor", the verb agrees with the nearer subject. "The two producers" is plural and sits closest to the verb, so the plural "were" is correct.

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  25. 25Verb tenseStandard

    By the time the results are published next spring, the team _____ the experiment three times. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ahad repeated
    • Bhas repeated
    • Cwill have repeated
    • Drepeated
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: will have repeated

    The repetitions will be complete before a future moment, which is what the future perfect expresses. The past forms place the action before now rather than before next spring.

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  26. 26ModifiersStandard

    Restored over three winters by a team of volunteers, _____ now draws visitors from across the county. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athe windmill
    • Bthe restoration
    • Cvisiting it
    • Dthey
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: the windmill

    The opening phrase describes whatever noun follows the comma, and only the windmill can have been restored over three winters. The volunteers, the restoration, and a gerund phrase all break that link.

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  27. 27PunctuationStandard

    The survey covered three districts _____ Ashfield, Bexley, and Carlow _____ over a period of six weeks. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A; and ;
    • B, and ,
    • C: and :
    • D— and —
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: — and —

    A list inserted inside a sentence that already contains commas is set off by a pair of dashes. A second pair of commas would make the sentence impossible to parse.

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  28. 28Sentence boundariesFoundation

    The kiln reached temperature overnight _____ the glaze had still not melted by morning. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Abut
    • B,
    • Cwhich
    • Dand then
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: but

    Both halves are complete sentences with contrasting content, so a coordinating conjunction joins them. A comma alone would create a comma splice.

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  29. 29Pronoun clarityStandard

    The archive lent three manuscripts to the university, and _____ were returned within a month. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athem
    • Bthese ones
    • Cthey
    • Dit
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: they

    The subject of the second clause is plural and performs no action on anything, so it takes the plural subject pronoun "they". "Them" is an object form and cannot be the subject.

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  30. 30Subject-verb agreementStandard

    There _____ a bench and two lamps along the far wall of the reading room. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ais
    • Bwas
    • Care
    • Dhas been
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: are

    In a sentence beginning with "there", the verb agrees with what follows it. The compound subject "a bench and two lamps" is plural, so the plural verb is correct.

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  31. 31PossessivesChallenge

    The society published _____ findings alongside two other _____ reports. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ait's ... societies
    • Bits ... society's
    • Cits ... societies'
    • Dit's ... societies'
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: its ... societies'

    The first blank needs the possessive "its", which takes no apostrophe; "it's" means "it is". The second refers to reports belonging to more than one society, which is the plural possessive "societies'".

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  32. 32Parallel structureStandard

    The course covers reading maps, estimating distances, and _____ a compass. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ausing
    • Buse of
    • Chow to use
    • Dto use
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: using

    The first two items are gerunds, so the third must be one too: reading, estimating, using.

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  33. 33PunctuationStandard

    The museum acquired three works this year _____ a drawing, a woodcut, and a small bronze. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A,
    • B'
    • C;
    • D:
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause introducing a list, which is where a colon belongs.

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  34. 34Subject-verb agreementStandard

    A row of tall poplars _____ the northern edge of the field. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awere marking
    • Bmark
    • Chave marked
    • Dmarks
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: marks

    The subject is "row", which is singular; "of tall poplars" is a modifier and cannot change the verb, even though "poplars" sits closest to it.

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  35. 35Verb tenseChallenge

    By the time the inspectors arrive next week, the workshop _____ its safety review. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ahas completed
    • Bwill have completed
    • Chad completed
    • Dcompleted
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: will have completed

    The review will be finished before a stated future moment, which is exactly what the future perfect expresses. The past forms place it before now instead.

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  36. 36ModifiersStandard

    _____, the recipe becomes much easier to follow. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • AHaving weighed the ingredients in advance
    • BWeighing the ingredients in advance
    • COnce the ingredients are weighed in advance
    • DTo weigh the ingredients in advance
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: Once the ingredients are weighed in advance

    The main clause's subject is "the recipe", which cannot weigh anything. Only the choice with its own subject and verb avoids attaching the action to the recipe.

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  37. 37Parallel structureStandard

    The programme trains guides to identify birdsong, to read tide tables, and _____ visitors safely across the mudflats. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athey lead
    • Bleading
    • Cto lead
    • Dfor leading
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: to lead

    The first two items use the infinitive, so the third must match: to identify, to read, to lead.

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  38. 38Sentence boundariesStandard

    The path floods every spring _____ the council has never closed it. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awhich
    • B,
    • Cand then
    • Dyet
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: yet

    Both halves are complete sentences standing in contrast, so a coordinating conjunction joins them. A comma alone would create a splice.

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  39. 39PossessivesStandard

    The three _____ signatures appear at the foot of the agreement. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awitnesses
    • Bwitness's
    • Cwitnesses's
    • Dwitnesses'
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: witnesses'

    "Three" fixes the number: the signatures belong to more than one witness, so the plural possessive applies — plural "witnesses" followed by an apostrophe.

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  40. 40Pronoun clarityChallenge

    The foundation awarded the grant to the trust because _____ had already surveyed the site. Which choice completes the sentence so that its meaning is clear and it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athey
    • Bit
    • Cthe trust
    • Dthe organisation
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: the trust

    Two singular nouns precede the blank, so any pronoun would be ambiguous. Naming the trust is clumsy and correct, which is the trade this rule always makes.

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  41. 41PunctuationStandard

    The expedition carried supplies for six weeks _____ flour, dried fish, and lamp oil. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A;
    • B:
    • C,
    • D'
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause introducing a list, which is where a colon belongs.

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  42. 42Subject-verb agreementChallenge

    Neither the two curators nor the director _____ seen the newly acquired painting. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awere
    • Bhave
    • Care
    • Dhas
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: has

    With "neither ... nor" the verb agrees with the nearer subject. "The director" is singular and sits closest, so the singular "has" is correct — the reverse of the usual case, where the plural is nearer.

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  43. 43Verb tenseStandard

    The kiln had cooled for six hours before the potters _____ the door. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awill open
    • Bopen
    • Chave opened
    • Dopened
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: opened

    The cooling is already marked as earlier with the past perfect "had cooled", so the later past action takes the simple past.

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  44. 44ModifiersChallenge

    _____, the survey results were far more consistent than expected. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • AOnce the responses were weighted by region
    • BHaving weighted the responses by region
    • CWeighting the responses by region
    • DTo weight the responses by region
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: Once the responses were weighted by region

    The main clause's subject is "the survey results", which cannot weight anything. Only the clause with its own subject and verb avoids attaching the weighting to the results.

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  45. 45Parallel structureStandard

    The apprenticeship involves shadowing a technician, keeping a daily log, and _____ a final assessment. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Ato sit
    • Bfor sitting
    • Cthey sit
    • Dsitting
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: sitting

    The first two items are gerunds, so the third must match: shadowing, keeping, sitting.

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  46. 46Sentence boundariesStandard

    The bridge was rebuilt in 1978 _____ the original stone piers were kept. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Aand then
    • Bwhich
    • Cbut
    • D,
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: but

    Both halves are complete sentences standing in mild contrast, so a coordinating conjunction joins them. A comma alone would be a splice.

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  47. 47PossessivesStandard

    The two _____ accounts of the same night differ in several details. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awitnesses
    • Bwitnesses's
    • Cwitnesses'
    • Dwitness's
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: witnesses'

    "Two" fixes the number: the accounts belong to more than one witness, so the plural possessive applies — plural "witnesses" followed by an apostrophe.

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  48. 48Pronoun clarityChallenge

    The archive lent the diary to the museum because _____ had the equipment to display it safely. Which choice completes the sentence so that its meaning is clear and it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athey
    • Bthe institution
    • Cthe museum
    • Dit
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: the museum

    Two singular nouns precede the blank, so any pronoun would be ambiguous. Naming the museum is the clear choice, clumsy as repetition can feel.

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  49. 49PunctuationStandard

    The workshop covers three techniques _____ throwing, trimming, and glazing. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A'
    • B:
    • C;
    • D,
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: :

    The words before the blank form a complete clause introducing a list, which is where a colon belongs.

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  50. 50Subject-verb agreementStandard

    Each of the four proposals _____ a different timetable for the work. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Aset out
    • Bsets out
    • Cwere setting out
    • Dhave set out
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: sets out

    "Each" is singular and takes a singular verb; "of the four proposals" is a modifier that cannot change it.

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  51. 51Verb tenseStandard

    Since the footpath was resurfaced, walker numbers _____ steadily. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Awere rising
    • Brose
    • Chave risen
    • Dwill rise
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: have risen

    "Since" marks a change that began in the past and continues, which is what the present perfect expresses.

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  52. 52ModifiersChallenge

    _____, the report reads far more clearly than the earlier draft. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • AHaving renumbered the tables
    • BRenumbering the tables
    • CNow that the tables have been renumbered
    • DTo renumber the tables
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: Now that the tables have been renumbered

    The main clause's subject is "the report", which cannot renumber anything. Only the clause with its own subject and verb avoids attaching the action to the report.

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  53. 53Parallel structureStandard

    The course teaches students to identify rock types, to read a geological map, and _____ a field notebook. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Afor keeping
    • Bthey keep
    • Ckeeping
    • Dto keep
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: to keep

    The first two items are infinitives, so the third must match: to identify, to read, to keep.

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  54. 54Sentence boundariesStandard

    The mill closed in 1974 _____ its water wheel still turns for visitors. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • A,
    • Bwhich
    • Cand then
    • Dyet
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: yet

    Both halves are complete sentences standing in contrast, so a coordinating conjunction joins them; a comma alone would create a splice.

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  55. 55PossessivesStandard

    The four _____ instruments are stored in a single case. Which choice completes the sentence so that it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Aplayers
    • Bplayer's
    • Cplayers's
    • Dplayers'
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: players'

    "Four" fixes the number: the instruments belong to more than one player, so the plural possessive applies.

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  56. 56Pronoun clarityChallenge

    The gallery lent the sculpture to the college because _____ had a courtyard large enough to show it. Which choice completes the sentence so that its meaning is clear and it conforms to Standard English conventions?

    • Athe college
    • Bthe institution
    • Cit
    • Dthey
    Show the answer and explanation

    Answer: the college

    Two singular nouns precede the blank, so a pronoun would be ambiguous. Naming the college is the clear choice.

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SAT® English Conventions Practice | IQ Test Center